Structure of Ishikawa diagram

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The Ishikawa diagram is widely used in various fields:

Manufacturing : Why Defects or Delays Occur
Services : Reasons for customer dissatisfaction, service delays and system failures.
Healthcare : why medical staff make mistakes, what causes problems with patients.
Education : Why students fail to learn, skip classes, or participate little in the educational process.
Business : What are the problems in sales, marketing and customer service?
This tool is universal and helps in solving many problems in any field of activity.

The classic Ishikawa diagram presents six main factors that can cause problems. They are called the 6M:

People : These are the employees germany phone number list and everyone involved in the process.
Equipment : all machines and equipment used in the work.
Materials : everything that is used in the production process or in performing a job.
Methods : These are the procedures and instructions that are used to carry out a task.
Measurements : various metrics for quality and quantity control.
Environment : the influence of nature and other external conditions.
These categories help analyze and identify the root causes of problems.

The name "fishbone" is given to the diagram because of its resemblance to the skeleton of a fish. The elements of the Ishikawa diagram are divided into three main categories:

Head
Symbolizes the problem itself. This may be an existing problem or a potential threat. The problem is formulated and placed at the head of the diagram. It is usually depicted as a geometric figure, often a triangle.

Ridge
Shows the main factors that affect the problem. They can be divided into different categories. For example, the category "equipment" includes equipment wear, equipment modernity or frequency of maintenance. Important factors are located near the head, less important ones are closer to the tail.

Bones
From each main factor, small bones extend - these are additional reasons that clarify the influence on the problem.